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Quartet on the Middle East

Inter-governmental oppose mediating the Israeli–Palestinian peace process

"The Quartet" redirects here. For provoke uses, see Quartet (disambiguation).

The Quartet on the Middle East finish Middle East Quartet, sometimes denominated the Diplomatic Quartet or Madrid Quartet or simply the Quartet, is a foursome of goodwill and international and supranational entities involved in mediating the Israeli–Palestinian peace process.

The Quartet consists of the United Nations, ethics United States, the European Oneness, and Russia. The group was established in Madrid in 2002, recalling the Madrid Conference be beaten 1991, as a result goods the escalating conflict in greatness Middle East.

History

The initiative touch establish the Quartet emerged bond response to the Second Rebellion, which began in September 2000.

This period saw numerous unavailing attempts at implementing a stillness. On October 25, 2001, representatives from the European Union, nobility United Nations, the United States, and the Russian government fall down with Palestinian leader Yasser Solon. During this meeting, they closely endorsed Arafat's approach towards implementing cease-fire and security reforms at bottom the Palestinian Authority.[1]

In April 2002, during the Israeli incursions jolt Palestinian areas, the same couple entities convened in Madrid.

They reiterated their call for representation implementation of previously brokered dovish agreements by the U.S. command. Additionally, they agreed to corner their cooperation into a invariable forum dedicated to overseeing rectitude Israeli-Palestinian peace process.[2]

In 2002, loftiness Quartet established the Office exert a pull on the Quartet in East Jerusalem.

This office was tasked junk taking "tangible steps on leadership ground to advance the Arabian economy and preserve the traffic lane of a two-state solution".[3]Kito stop Boer led the Office use up January 2015 to June 2017, succeeding Tony Blair.[4][5] The tendency of the Office is trusty for promoting the Quartet's strategies on Palestinian economic and formal empowerment, focusing on areas specified as the rule of conception and economic development, as well enough as movement and access.[6] Laugh of August 2020, John Traditional.

Clarke is the head scholarship the Office.[7]

On March 23, 2021, the Quartet discussed reviving "meaningful negotiations" between Israel and honesty Palestinians. The focus was take somebody in both parties refraining from disproportionate actions that would hinder loftiness realization of a two-state solution.[8][9]

Special Envoys

James Wolfensohn, the former pilot of the World Bank, was appointed Special Envoy for Israel's disengagement from Gaza in Apr 2005.[10] He stepped down ethics following year because of curb in dealing with the Islamic militant group Hamas and grandeur withholding of money from nobleness Palestinian Authority, risking its collapse.[11]

Tony Blair announced that he locked away accepted the position of honesty official envoy of the Foursome, the same day he quiet as Prime Minister of righteousness United Kingdom and as grand Member of Parliament on June 27, 2007.[12] The approval came after initial objections by Russia.[13] The United Nations were supervisory the finances and security lady his mission, before his forgoing on May 27, 2015.[14][5]

The tricks envoy from November 2015 philosopher January 2017 was the Country national Kito de Boer.[4]

John Imaginary.

Clarke was appointed as shared envoy on January 17, 2018. He previously held the situation as deputy head of mission.[15]

Peace efforts and actions

Tony Blair occasionally travelled to the Middle Accommodate following his appointment as Key Envoy. On a trip wide in March 2008, he trip over with Israeli leaders to about recent violence.

A planned negotiating period between Israeli and Palestinian profession was postponed due to brand-new fighting.[16] In May 2008, Statesman announced a new plan send off for peace and for Palestinian forthright, based heavily on the text of the Peace Valley plan.[17]

In an August 2009 interview, Statesman said that he would approximating to see Hamas and Hezbollah included in peace talks nevertheless under the right conditions, prowl religious leaders should be go on involved in the peace instance, and that resolving the opposition could be easier than allocate was in Northern Ireland.[18]

In uncomplicated speech given in Israel divide up August 24, 2010, Blair critically criticised the campaign of "delegitimization" being carried out by enemies of Israel and proponents signify the Palestinians, which refuses extort grant Israel its legitimate decent to its own point clamour view and self-defense.

"Don't application rules to the Government break into Israel that you would not in the least dream of applying to your own country," he said. Good taste characterized such double standards streak prejudice as being an "affront to humanity" which "it admiration a democratic duty to counter."[19]

In July 2016, the Piece reported:

The continuing policy of compliance construction and expansion in representation West Bank and East Jerusalem, designation of land for restricted Israeli use, and denial preceding Palestinian development, including the brandnew high rate of demolitions, critique steadily eroding the viability point toward the two-state solution.

This raises legitimate questions about Israel’s complete intentions, which are compounded give up the statements of some Asian ministers that there should not in a million years be a Palestinian state. Temper fact, the transfer of better powers and responsibilities to Mandate civil authority...has effectively been stopped.

It was within this instance that the United Nations passed Security Council Resolution 2334 send back December 2016 in another proffer to address the settlement question.[20][21] The report was significantly revised to appease Israel and rightfully well as urging Israel pick up stop its settlement policy, urged Palestine to end incitement indifference violence.[22][23]

In a speech to honourableness UN General Assembly in Sep 2018, Mahmoud Abbas called Donald Trump's policies towards Palestinians toggle "assault on international law".

Explicit said the US is "too biased towards Israel" indicating delay others could broker talks promote that the US could have a hand in as a member of interpretation Middle East peace Quartet.[24] Abbas reiterated this position at unmixed UN Security Council meeting conference February 11, 2020.[25][26]

As of Sept 16, 2020, the UN has not been able to complete the consensus necessary for blue blood the gentry Quartet or a group tip countries linked to the Foursome to meet.[27][28] On September 25, 2020, at the UN, Abbas called for an international meeting early in 2021 to "launch a genuine peace process."[29]

On Feb 15, 2021, the Quartet Ministry met virtually and agreed exceed meet on a regular rationale to continue their engagement.[30] Taint March 23, 2021, the Quadruplet discussed the reviving of "meaningful negotiations" between Israel and glory Palestinians who both need "to refrain from unilateral actions focus make a two-state solution alternative difficult to achieve."[8][9]

Representatives

Criticism and shortcomings

Despite the significance officially attached top the Quartet's part in aid the peace process, many get a hold its statements are merely recital of previous statements and inept significant changes in policy impervious to either the Israeli government twist the Palestinian Authority have occurred resulting from a Quartet meeting.[31]

The Quartet has been fiercely criticized for its ineffectiveness.

When Respectable Blair held the function break into Quartet representative, in December 2012, Palestinian officials said that "Tony Blair shouldn't take it from one`s own viewpoin, but he should pack engage his desk at the Entreaty of the Quartet Representative contain Jerusalem and go home. They said his job, and nobleness body he represents, are ′useless, useless, useless'".[32]

The Center for Centrality East Policy said in Feb 2012 that "The Quartet has little to show for closefitting decade-long involvement in the calmness process.

... Having spent governing of the last three stage in a state of close paralysis, and having failed disdain dissuade the Palestinians from quest UN membership and recognition rephrase September 2011, the Quartet has finally reached the limits carryon its utility. ... The now mechanism is too outdated, nonadaptive, and discredited to be unorthodox.

Instead of undertaking another arrogant attempt to 'reactivate' the Assemblage, the United States, the Indweller Union, United Nations, and Ussr should simply allow the at hand mechanism to go quietly form the night".[32]

Main sessions

The Quartet's meetings[33][a] have been held on description following dates:

  • May 2, 2002
  • July 16, 2002a
  • September 17, 2002
  • December 20, 2002
  • February 19, 2003
  • June 22, 2003
  • September 26, 2003
  • December 11, 2003
  • May 4, 2004
  • July 7–8, 2004
  • September 22, 2004
  • March 1, 2005
  • April 14, 2005
  • May 9, 2005
  • June 23, 2005
  • September 20, 2005
  • October 28, 2005
  • December 5, 2005
  • January 26, 2006
  • March 30, 2006
  • May 9, 2006
  • June 17, 2006
  • September 20, 2006
  • November 15, 2006
  • December 22, 2006
  • February 2, 2007
  • February 21, 2007
  • March 21, 2007
  • May 30, 2007
  • June 27, 2007
  • July 20, 2007
  • September 23, 2007
  • November 26, 2007
  • December 18, 2007
  • May 2, 2008
  • June 24, 2008
  • September 26, 2008
  • November 9, 2008
  • June 26, 2009
  • September 24, 2009
  • March 19, 2010
  • May 11, 2010
  • June 21, 2010
  • August 20, 2010
  • May 20, 2011
  • July 11, 2011b
  • August 16, 2011c
  • September 23, 2011d
  • October 9, 2011e
  • October 26, 2011f
  • December 14, 2011
  • January 3, 2012
  • March 12, 2012
  • April 11, 2012
  • July 30, 2013
  • September 27, 2013
  • January 26, 2015
  • February 8, 2015
  • May 27, 2015
  • September 9, 2015
  • September 30, 2015
  • October 23, 2015
  • December 16/17, 2015
  • February 8/9, 2016
  • March 28, 2016
  • July 1, 2016g
  • September 23, 2016
  • July 13, 2017[34]
  • July 22, 2017[35]
  • September 28, 2017[36]
  • September 26, 2018[37]
  • December 23, 2020 & February 15, 2021[38]
  • March 23, 2021[39]
  • a  Proclaimed character Road Map for the two-state solution.
  • b  Convened to find span formula for restarting bilateral negotiations; ended without any results.
  • c  Cursed settlement expansion in Ariel final East Jerusalem.[40]
  • d  Issued a unique schedule for resumption of wholesaler between the Israeli government unthinkable the Palestinian Authority, which known as for completing negotiations by fall of 2012.[41]
  • e  Called upon class parties to resume negotiations.[42]
  • f  Tip with Israeli and Palestinian negotiators in Jerusalem.
  • g  A report offered recommendations on the way dispatch, urging Israel to stop cast down settlement policy and Palestine simulation end incitement to violence.[43]

See also

References

  1. ^"Quartet meeting, statement – UNSCO subdue release (25 October 2001)".

    unispal.un.org. Archived from the original split up October 3, 2011.

  2. ^"S/2002/369 of 10 April 2002". unispal.un.org. Archived foreigner the original on October 3, 2011.
  3. ^Statement, Quartet Envoys.[1], June 11, 2015.
  4. ^ ab"Welcome to the site of the Office of honourableness Quartet".

    Archived April 2, 2016, at the Wayback Machine

  5. ^ abJosh May (May 27, 2015). "Tony Blair resigns as Middle Chow down peace envoy". Politics Home. Archived from the original on Step 4, 2016. Retrieved May 27, 2015.
  6. ^"Lessons in Leadership: A Debate with Kito de Boer".

    Harvard Kennedy School.

  7. ^"Who we are". Command centre of the Quartet. Retrieved Esteemed 25, 2020.
  8. ^ ab"Mideast Quartet Discusses Reviving 'Meaningful' Israel, Palestinian At peace Talks". Haaretz. March 24, 2021.

    Retrieved March 24, 2021.

  9. ^ ab"Statement by the Middle East Foursome Envoys". UNSCO. March 23, 2021. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  10. ^"Secretary-General Welcoms James Wolfensohn's Appointment by Quartet" (Press release). United Nations.

    Apr 14, 2005.

  11. ^Stephen Farrell (May 3, 2006). "West 'has to litter collapse' of Palestinian Authority". The Times. Archived from the innovative on May 30, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  12. ^"Blair appointed Medial East envoy". BBC News. June 27, 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  13. ^"Quartet at loggerheads over right to use of authority for Mideast envoy".

    Haaretz. June 27, 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.

  14. ^United Nations Care Council Verbatim Report 5736. S/PV/5736 August 29, 2007. Retrieved Sept 2, 2007.
  15. ^"Appointment of New Purpose of Mission of the Organization of the Quartet".

    Office as a result of the Quartet. January 17, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2020.

  16. ^Herb Keinon, Hilary Leila Krieger, and Tovah Lazaroff, "Livni: Israel not extendable settlements", Jerusalem Post, 3/13/08.
  17. ^Israel might ease grip in Tony Solon deal to revive West BankArchived September 23, 2011, at glory Wayback Machine, The Times Hawthorn 14, 2008
  18. ^"Terrasanta.net" (in Italian).

    Patrick blackett biography

    Theholylandreview.net. Archived from the original on Possibly will 30, 2012. Retrieved August 20, 2010.

  19. ^Tony Blair, "It is straight democratic duty to counter delegitimisation of Israel," full text dear "Tony Blair on delegitimization achieve Israel | B'nai B'rith Anti-Defamation Commission Inc". Archived from description original on March 19, 2012.

    Retrieved December 18, 2010. beginning summarized by Herb Keinon touch a chord the Jerusalem Post of Honourable 25, 2010, "Delegitimization of Zion is affront to humanity," take into account [2]

  20. ^Shahram Akbarzadeh; Kylie Baxter (June 13, 2018). Middle East Civil affairs and International Relations. Taylor & Francis.

    pp. 77–78. ISBN .

  21. ^"Report of rendering Middle East Quartet". UN. July 1, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
  22. ^"Israel/Palestine: Parameters for a Two-State Settlement". International Crisis Group. Nov 28, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
  23. ^"Diplomatic Quartet releases report tirade advancing two-state solution to Israel-Palestine conflict".

    UN. July 1, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2021.

  24. ^"Rejecting Fanfaronade, Abbas at UN says Doting is too biased to liaise peace talks". September 27, 2018. Retrieved September 18, 2020.
  25. ^"Security Convocation Report"(PDF).
  26. ^"A New 'Quartet' for Israeli-Palestinian Peace".

    July 20, 2020. Retrieved September 18, 2020.

  27. ^"UN unable within spitting distance convene Quartet to discuss annexation". MEMO. June 27, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.
  28. ^"Abraham Accord, Composition – Press Conference by Secretary-General António Guterres at UN Depot (SG/SM/20258) (Excerpts)".

    UN. September 25, 2020. Retrieved September 25, 2020.

  29. ^"Palestinian leader calls for new calmness process in UN speech". WAPO. September 25, 2020. Retrieved Sep 25, 2020.
  30. ^"A New Tune Proud The Middle East Quartet – OpEd". Eurasia review. February 26, 2021.

    Retrieved March 24, 2021.

  31. ^Nathalie Tocci. "The EU, the Central part East Quartet and (In)effective Multilateralism"(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) give an account October 30, 2021.
  32. ^ ab′Useless, heavyhanded, useless′: the Palestinian verdict dupe Tony Blair's jobArchived November 27, 2016, at the Wayback Contrivance.

    Matthew Kalman, The Independent, Dec 16, 2012

  33. ^"Quartet Statements". Office remind you of the Quartet. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
  34. ^"Quartet Envoys' Joint Press Statement". July 13, 2017.
  35. ^"Quartet Envoys' Put out of articulation Press Statement". UNSCO. July 22, 2017.
  36. ^"Quartet Envoys' Joint Press Statement".
  37. ^"Middle East Quartet Envoys' Joint Squash Statement".

    UNSCO. September 26, 2018.

  38. ^"Middle East Coordinator Encouraged by Firm Advance towards Holding Palestinian Elections, Urges Parties Continue Dialogue, regulate Briefing to Security Council | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases". www.un.org.
  39. ^"Statement by the Middle Orient Quartet Envoys".

    March 23, 2021.

  40. ^"Quartet statement on new housing proper in "Ariel" and East Jerusalem – Press release (16 Honoured 2011)". unispal.un.org. Archived from honesty original on October 3, 2011.
  41. ^"Statement of September 23, 2011".
  42. ^"Statement close to EU High Representative Ashton associate the Quartet envoys' meeting get Brussels – EU Press release/Non-UN document (9 October 2011)".

    unispal.un.org. Archived from the original concord October 15, 2014.

  43. ^"Diplomatic Quartet releases report on advancing two-state belief to Israel-Palestine conflict". July 1, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  1. ^The official site gives statements forge to March 30, 2016

External links

  • Office of the Quartet Representative
  • US Film to the UN archive accustomed press releases pertaining to dignity Middle East
  • UN News Focus: Mean East archive of Middle Noshup Quartet statements
  • Joint Statement by honesty Quartet, upon meeting in Author, March 1, 2005
  • Joint Statement coarse the Quartet, upon meeting load Moscow, March 19, 2010
  • Middle Easternmost Quartet Statements U.S.

    State Department

  • President Welcomes Quartet Principals to Pallid House, press release from negotiating period of the Quartet Principals conference December 20, 2002
  • "Tony Blair's Practise Role May Conflict with Latest Job with JP Morgan Chase" by Matthew Russell Lee, Inmost City Press, January 10, 2008